Oral Mucositis in Children with Leukemia Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Case Series

ABSTRACT Objective: To report nine cases of pediatric patients with Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) or Acute Myeloid Leukemia who developed severe oral mucositis (SOM) at the first week of chemotherapy. Material and Methods: The cases were selected from a sample of 105 children followed for 10 consecutive weeks. Hematological and personal data were obtained from the patient's medical records. The oral cavity was examined weekly using the modified Oral Assessment Guide. Results: More of the patients were male (55.6%), had black/brown skin (55.6%), with ALL (66.7%), and the mean age was 5.55. Two patients had values below normal for leukocytes, platelets, and creatinine over the follow-up. However, all patients showed changes in the normality of hematological data in most weeks. The most used chemotherapeutic agents were aracytin, etoposide, and methotrexate, known for their high stomatotoxic potential. Patients had 2 to 6 (mean of 4) episodes of SOM and 4 to 7 (mean of 5.5) episodes of OM. One patient at week 7, one patient at week 5, and one patient at weeks 2 and 10 did not have OM. Saliva (84 times) and lips (44 times) were the most affected items. Conclusion: The patients showed oscillations in the severity of oral mucositis and hematological parameters over the follow-up. All patients were exposed to stomatotoxic drugs during the initial phase of cancer treatment.

Fatores associados à satisfação dos usuários com a atenção à saúde bucal na Paraíba, 2014 / Factors associated with users' satisfaction with oral health care in Paraíba, 2014

RESUMO Objetivou-se identificar os fatores associados à satisfação dos usuários com a oferta de cuidado em saúde bucal na Paraíba a partir de dados do 2º ciclo de avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB). As respostas dos usuários que passaram por consulta odontológica com a Equipe de Saúde Bucal (ESB) e possuíam dados completos foram analisadas por meio de regressão logística. Em relação à variável dependente 'Satisfação do usuário', 87% dos usuários (n=2.047), afirmaram estar satisfeitos com o cuidado que recebem da ESB. A insatisfação foi influenciada pelo fato de o usuário nunca ou quase nunca ser orientado sobre os cuidados com a sua saúde bucal (OR=4,27); o tempo da consulta ser insuficiente (OR=3,38); os profissionais não fazerem anotações no prontuário ou ficha (OR=1,97); a ESB não atender no turno da tarde (OR=1,66); o horário do atendimento odontológico não satisfazer às necessidades dos usuários (OR=2,86); e a ESB não procurar o usuário quando este interrompe o tratamento ou não comparece à consulta odontológica para saber o que aconteceu e retomar o atendimento (OR=1,59). Conclui-se ser expressivo o percentual de usuários satisfeitos com a atenção em saúde bucal na Paraíba, estando os fatores que influenciam a satisfação relacionados principalmente ao atendimento das necessidades dos usuários e ao processo de trabalho da ESB.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the user's satisfaction about the provision of oral health care in the State of Paraíba. The research based on data regarding the 2nd cycle of the external evaluation of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care (PMAQ-AB). The responses of users who underwent dental consultations with the Oral Health Team (OHT) and of whom the service had a full record were analyzed using logistic regression. Regarding the dependent variable 'User satisfaction', 87% of the users (n=2,047) stated that they were satisfied with the care they receive from the OHT. Dissatisfaction was influenced by the fact that user was never or almost never guided about his/her oral health care (OR=4.27); insufficient consultation time (OR=3.38); professionals do not register the user condition in his/her medical record (OR=1.97); OHT does not operate in the afternoons (OR=1.66); dental care schedule does not meet the user needs (OR=2.86); OHT does not search for the user when either he/she interrupts the treatment or does not attend a dental appointment so to follow up and resume the service (OR=1.59). Therefore, the percentage of users satisfied with the oral health care in Paraíba is significant, being the factors that influence user satisfaction mainly associated with meeting users' needs and work process organization.

Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Nested Case-Control to a Prospective Cohort.

This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of severe oral mucositis (SOM) in pediatric oncology patients during the chemotherapeutic treatment. This is a nested case-control to a prospective cohort that monitored 105 patients for 10 consecutive weeks after the beginning of the chemotherapy treatment. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with SOM, by group of malignancy (hematologic or solid tumors) (Sig.=5%). To patients with hematologic tumors were found factors associated with SOM in two weeks of treatment: in the 6th week (increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=3.02)) and in the 7th week (female sex (OR=21.28); and increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=2.51)); and to patients with solid tumors were found factors associated with SOM in five weeks of treatment: in the 1st week (female sex (OR=14.43); age increase (OR=1.24)); in the 2nd week (Miscellany (OR=6.39)); in the 5th week (Antimetabolites (OR=17.44); Miscellany (OR=45.42); and platelets reduction (OR=1.12)); in the 6th week (creatinine increase (OR=1.63)); and in the 7th week (creatinine increase (OR=2.39)). For patients with hematologic tumors, to be female, and the increase in the frequency of chemotherapy doses increased the risk for SOM and for patients with solid tumors, to be female, the increase in age and in level blood concentration of creatinine, the reduction in number of platelets and the use of chemotherapy with miscellany and antimetabolites agents were associated with an increase in risk for occurrence of SOM.

Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Nested Case-Control to a Prospective Cohort

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of severe oral mucositis (SOM) in pediatric oncology patients during the chemotherapeutic treatment. This is a nested case-control to a prospective cohort that monitored 105 patients for 10 consecutive weeks after the beginning of the chemotherapy treatment. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with SOM, by group of malignancy (hematologic or solid tumors) (Sig.=5%). To patients with hematologic tumors were found factors associated with SOM in two weeks of treatment: in the 6th week (increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=3.02)) and in the 7th week (female sex (OR=21.28); and increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=2.51)); and to patients with solid tumors were found factors associated with SOM in five weeks of treatment: in the 1st week (female sex (OR=14.43); age increase (OR=1.24)); in the 2nd week (Miscellany (OR=6.39)); in the 5th week (Antimetabolites (OR=17.44); Miscellany (OR=45.42); and platelets reduction (OR=1.12)); in the 6th week (creatinine increase (OR=1.63)); and in the 7th week (creatinine increase (OR=2.39)). For patients with hematologic tumors, to be female, and the increase in the frequency of chemotherapy doses increased the risk for SOM and for patients with solid tumors, to be female, the increase in age and in level blood concentration of creatinine, the reduction in number of platelets and the use of chemotherapy with miscellany and antimetabolites agents were associated with an increase in risk for occurrence of SOM.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar os fatores associados com a ocorrência de mucosite oral grave (SOM) em pacientes pediátricos oncológicos durante o tratamento quimioterápico. Trata-se de um estudo de caso-controle aninhado a uma coorte prospectiva que monitorou 105 pacientes por 10 semanas consecutivas após o início do tratamento quimioterápico. Regressão logística foi utilizada para identificar os fatores associados com a MOG, por grupo de malignidade (tumores hematológicos ou sólidos) (Sig.=5%). Para pacientes com tumores hematológicos foram encontrados fatores associados com a MOG em duas semanas de tratamento: na 6ª semana (aumento na frequência de doses de quimioterapia (OR=3,02)) e na 7ª semana (sexo feminino (OR=21,28); e aumento na frequência de doses de quimioterapia (OR=2,51)); e para pacientes com tumores sólidos foram encontrados fatores associados com MOG em cinco semanas de tratamento: na 1ª semana (sexo feminino (OR=14,43), aumento na idade (OR=1,24)); na 2ª semana (Miscelânea (OR=6,39)); na 5ª semana (Antimetabólitos (OR=17,44); Miscelânea (OR=45,42); e redução de plaquetas (OR=1,12)); na 6ª semana (aumento na creatinina (OR=1,63)); e na 7ª semana (aumento na creatinina (OR=2,39)). Para pacientes com tumores hematológicos, ser do sexo feminino e o aumento na frequência de doses de quimioterapia aumentou o risco para MOG; e, para pacientes com tumors sólidos, ser do sexo feminino, o aumento na idade e nos níveis de concentração sanguínea de creatinina, a redução no número de plaquetas e o uso de quimioterapia com agentes das classes Miscelânea e Antimetabólitos estiveram associados com o aumento no risco para a ocorrência de MOG.

User satisfaction on the health care provided by the primary health care program in a state in northeastern Brazil

Objective: To verify the factors influencing user satisfaction regarding the healthcare assistance provided by the Primary Health Care (PHC) Program in a state in northeastern Brazil and its macro-regional health districts. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on secondary data, and logistic regression models were developed considering user satisfaction (obtained by cluster analysis) as a dependent variable. The state is divided into four macro-regional health districts, and explanatory variables selected included user gender; access to health services; receptivity to spontaneous demand; scheduling appointment at PHC facilities; comprehensive health care; bonding, accountability and coordination of care; home visit; mechanisms for user participation and interaction. Results: Macro-regional health districts 1 and 4 presented higher percentage of users who were not satisfied with their mechanism of participation in the facility. The regression model demonstrated the factors that negatively influence satisfaction, some of which are: facility work hours do not meet users' needs (OR=0.60); the user cannot file a complaint or suggestion at the PHC facility (OR=0.68); the user is not able to set up an appointment for the same day (OR=0.83); professionals never ask about the user's relatives (OR=0.81); and the Community Health Worker does not make home visits (OR=0.78). Conclusion : The data on assistance provided by the Primary Health Care Program in a state of Brazil indicate weaknesses, such as the relationship between user and health professional as well as those related to coordination of care and participation/social control in the PHC facility.

Objetivo: Verificar os fatores que influenciam na satisfação dos usuários quanto aos serviços de saúde ofertados na Atenção Básica em um estado do Nordeste do Brasil e suas macrorregionais de saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado a partir de dados secundários, desenvolvendo-se modelos de regressão logística tendo como variável dependente a satisfação do usuário (obtida por análise de agrupamento). O estado está dividido em quatro macrorregionais de saúde e as variáveis explicativas selecionadas abrangeram: sexo dos usuários; acesso aos serviços de saúde; acolhimento à demanda espontânea; marcação de consulta(s); atenção integral à saúde; vínculo, responsabilização e coordenação do cuidado; visita domiciliar; mecanismos de participação e interação dos usuários. Resultados: Verificou-se que as macrorregionais 1 e 4 apresentaram maiores percentuais de usuários que não se mostraram satisfeitos com o seu mecanismo de participação na unidade. O modelo de regressão demonstrou os fatores que influenciam negativamente a satisfação, sendo alguns deles: o horário de funcionamento da unidade não atender as necessidades dos usuários (OR=0,60), o usuário não conseguir fazer uma reclamação ou sugestão na unidade de saúde (OR=0,68), o usuário não conseguir marcar consulta para o mesmo dia (OR=0,83), os profissionais nunca perguntarem sobre os familiares do usuário (OR=0,81) e o Agente Comunitário de Saúde não visitar o usuário (OR=0,78). Conclusão: Com base nos dados sobre os serviços de saúde ofertados na Atenção Básica em um estado brasileiro, constata-se que existem fragilidades, a exemplo do relacionamento entre o usuário e o profissional de saúde, a coordenação do cuidado e a participação/controle social na unidade.